Examinando por Autor "Mejia, Christian R."
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Publicación Acceso abierto A cross-sectional study to assess the level of satisfaction with virtual education in Peruvian medical students(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-10-05) Grados-Espinoza, Pamela; Zila-Velasque, J. Pierre; Soriano-Moreno, David R.; Regalado-Rodríguez, Kateriny Margot; Sosa-Nuñez, Frank; Barzola-Farfán, William; Gronerth, Jim; Guizado, Lucia; Mejia, Christian R.“Objectives: Education has totally changed in the context of the pandemic. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the factors associated with the level of satisfaction with virtual education in Peruvian medical students during COVID-19. Methods: Analytical and cross-sectional study, based on an online survey of students nationwide. We use previously validated instruments to measure the level of satisfaction and stress (EPP-10-c) of students with virtual education. For the associated factors, adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression. Results: Of the 1,878 students surveyed, the median age was 21 years, 57.8% (1,086) were women, 34.8% (654) had a high level of satisfaction with virtual education and 10.7% (202) presented high levels of stress. The factors associated with a low level of satisfaction were attending the fifth year of study, the partial and non-virtual adaptation of the university to virtual education, and a high level of stress. On the other hand, the factors associated with a high level of satisfaction were the education platform used and the study method used. Conclusion: Seven out of 10 students presented a low level of satisfaction with virtual education, 1 out of 10 presented a high level of stress. The factors associated with the low level of satisfaction were attending the fifth year of study, the non-virtual and partial adaptation of the university to virtual education, and the high level of stress.“Publicación Acceso abierto Adaptation and Validation of a Monkeypox Concern Instrument in Peruvian Adults(MDPI, 2022-09-28) Mamani-Benito, Oscar; Carranza Esteban, Renzo Felipe; Pichen Fernández, Juan; Apaza Tarqui, Edison Effer; Mejia, Christian R.; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Shyla; Yáñez, Jaime A.La viruela del simio está causando gran preocupación en la sociedad por su gran poder infectivo y la posibilidad de que se convierta en una nueva pandemia. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar y validar la escala de preocupación por la viruela del simio en la población adulta peruana (EP-VIR-MONK). Se realizó un estudio transversal instrumental bajo un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia con 779 adultos de las tres regiones del Perú (costa, sierra y selva). El instrumento fue adaptado en base a un instrumento previamente validado relacionado con la preocupación que genera el COVID-19 en el Perú. La validez de contenido se calculó con el coeficiente V de Aiken, la estructura interna con análisis factorial confirmatorio y la confiabilidad con el coeficiente omega. La primera evidencia de validez de EP-VIR-MONK basada en su contenido, estructura interna, y confiabilidad en una muestra de adultos peruanos se presenta aquí. Por lo tanto, puede ser de ayuda para el manejo de la prevención de las alteraciones de la salud mental derivadas de la proliferación de la viruela del simio en el Perú.Publicación Acceso abierto Automedicación y riesgo de abuso con benzodiacepinas en pacientes adultos Lima-Perú, 2019(Sociedad de Neurologia Psiquiatria y Neurocirugia, 2021-09-26) Cabanillas-Tejada, John K.; Allpas-Gómez, Henry L.; Brito-Nuñez, Jesús D.; Mejia, Christian R.“Introduction: Benzodiazepines have the potential to generate abuse, so an indiscriminate consumption, through the sale without prescription and the practice of self-medication, would mean a high risk due to their abuse. Objective: To establish the relationship between self-medication with benzodiazepines and the risk of abuse that requires treatment in adult patients of Hospital San Juan de Lurigancho, 2019. Methodology: It was an observational, correlational descriptive, transversal and prospective study. The sample size was 874 participants (95.0% confidence level; 80% power). Sampling was performed nonrandomly. A survey was used to determine demographics, benzodiazepine use, and questions of Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Results: Of the study population, the most prevalent demographic data were female sex (74.5%), the median age was 52 years (interquartile range: 40-62 years), the age range 50-59 years (26.43%), married marital status (31.6%), secondary education level (48.4%) and occupation as a housewife (47.3%). Of adults studied, 485 were considered as consumers of benzodiazepines with prescription and 389 consumers without a prescription. Prescription and nonprescription consumers needing treatment were 129 (26.60%) and 245 (62.98%), respectively (p <0.001). Conclusion: There is a higher prevalence of people who need treatment for abuse in consumers without a prescription than in the group of consumers with a prescription so there is a significant relationship between self-medication with benzodiazepines and the risk of abuse that requires treatment in study population.“Publicación Acceso abierto Crisis due to war: anxiety, depression and stress in the population of 13 Latin American countries(Frontiers Media SA, 2023-07-20) Mejia, Christian R.; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Chamorro-Espinoza, Scherlli; Yáñez, Jaime A.; Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Shyla; Castillón-Lozano, Jorge Andrés; Serna-Alarcón, Victor; Vilela-Estrada, Martin A.; Armada, José; Padilla, Valeria J.; Paucar, Medally C.“Sustainability may be at risk in a population that has altered health, according to Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3): Health and well-being. The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine could jeopardize SDG 3, specifically the mental health of the population. The present study sought to determine the association between severe anxiety, depression and stress in population of 13 Latin American countries according to fear about the war conflict. It was a crosssectional, analytical and multicenter study. Anxiety, depression and stress were measured with the DASS-21 test (Cronbach’s Alpha: 0.97) and fear due to an armed crisis with a questionnaire already validated in Latin America (Cronbach’s Alpha: 0.92), which was also adjusted for sex, age, education level and country of residence. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. Of the 2,626 respondents, the main fear was that weapons of mass destruction would be used. In the multivariate models, strong associations were found between fear of a possible world-scale armed conflict and having severe or very severe levels of anxiety (aPR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.64–2.36; value of p <0.001), depression (aPR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.54–2.36; value of p <0.001) or stress (aPR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.63–2.57; value of p <0.001). Sustainability linked to SDG 3, specifically mental health, is affected by this type of significant events, given the possible global war crisis that could trigger major events, even more so if added to the deterioration already experienced by COVID-19 in the Latin American region, insecurity and constant political uncertainty“Publicación Acceso abierto Factores asociados a la percepción de repercusiones del internado hospitalario peruano durante la COVID-19(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2023) Rivera-Berrios, Leticia; Aguilar-Arzapalo, Helton; Armada, Jose; Bayona-Zapata, Carlos E.; Vilela-Estrada, Martin A.; Serna-Alarcón, Victor; Mejia, Christian R.“Introducción: La pandemia afectó el internado de estudiantes de salud en su asistencia hospitalaria, en la cual realizan las prácticas. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la percepción de repercusiones del internado hospitalario peruano durante la COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio transversal; se obtuvo estadística descriptiva, analítica bivariada y multivariada basado en una encuesta realizada de forma exploratoria, como parte de otra investigación mayor, a la cual se le asoció variables como edad, sexo, tipo de universidad, estrés, ansiedad, depresión y repercusiones del internado. Resultados: De los 121 encuestados, la mayoría pensó que su familia le hubiese apoyado si se enfermaba de gravedad, que pudo haber infectado a sus familiares o alguna amistad/conocido si acudían al hospital. Muchos estuvieron en desacuerdo con que el hospital o la universidad les darían los implementos de seguridad, por la falta de apoyo de estas entidades. Hubo asociación entre el pensar que se habría contagiado de la COVID-19 si iba al hospital versus el puntaje de ansiedad (p= 0,030), el sexo masculino, según la percepción de que la universidad les daría los materiales para cuidarse (p= 0,029) y el provenir de una universidad privada según el percibir que el hospital no le hubiese apoyado, si se enfermaba de gravedad (p= 0,049). Conclusión: Los factores asociados a la percepción de repercusiones del internado son el apoyo familiar, el poder contagiar a sus familiares, falta de materiales dados por las universidades y hospitales, la ansiedad, el sexo masculino y provenir de universidades privadas.“Publicación Acceso abierto Factores socio-laborales asociados al malestar psicológico en trabajadores sanitarios durante la pandemia por la COVID-19(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2022-11-12) Mamani-Benito, Oscar; Rodriguez-Alarcón, J. Franco; Armada, Jose; Monteza, Ghanddy L.; Tito-Betancur, Madona; Mejia, Christian R.“Introducción: El malestar psicológico debido al impacto de la pandemia por la COVID-19 se ha vuelto muy frecuente, sobre todo en los trabajadores sanitarios, quienes han sido una de las poblaciones más afectadas. Objetivo: Determinar los factores socio-laborales asociados al malestar psicológico en trabajadores sanitarios durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en la serranía peruana. Métodos: Estudio de diseño transversal; se aplicaron 3 escalas previamente validadas, las cuales miden malestar psicológico, miedo a contagiarse con la COVID-19 y carga laboral (valores alfa: 0,79; 0,91 y 0,83 respectivamente); además se analizaron otras variables socio-laborales y se obtuvo estadística descriptiva y analítica. Resultados: Con el análisis multivariado se encontró que, quienes tenían mayor puntaje del miedo al contagio por la COVID-19 (RPa: 2,24; IC95 %: 1,75-2,88; p< 0,001) y quienes tenían mayor percepción de sobrecarga laboral (RPa: 1,45; IC95 %: 1,12-1,87; p= 0,005), fueron los que tenían mayor percepción de malestar psicológico, además, al comparar con los médicos, los psicólogos tenían mayor malestar psicológico (RPa: 2,73; IC95 %: 1,67-4,46; p< 0,001). Conclusión: Se hallaron asociaciones importantes; predomina el hecho de que existe una fuerte asociación entre el malestar psicológico y el miedo por el posible contagio ante la COVID-19, así como con la percepción de sobrecarga laboral, principalmente, en los profesionales psicólogos.“Publicación Acceso abierto Factors associated with interest in scientific research in dental students of six Cuban universities(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-02-16) Corrales-Reyes, Ibraín Enrique; Villegas-Maestre, José Daniel; Valdés-Gamboa, Leonardo; García-Raga, Mónica; Véliz-Concepción, Olga Lidia; Torres-Fernández, Lilian Susana; Tusell-Hormigó, Diana; Vitón-Castillo, Adrián Alejandro; Torrecilla-Venegas, Rolando; Mejia, Christian R.“Introduction: To determine the factors associated with interest in scientific research in dental students of six Cuban universities. Methods: This is a multicenter cross-sectional analytical study. Interest in scientific research was the dependent variable, and it was assessed through a questionnaire proved to be reliable (Cronbach’s α= 0.88). We obtained adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and p values through generalized linear models. Results: A total of 587 students were part of the research, and 57.9% manifested interest in scientific research. However, when they were asked if they wanted to pursue a research career in the future, only 45.1% responded affirmatively. We found, through multivariate analysis, that there was more interest in scientific research among those who were student assistants (aPR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.41–4.16; p = 0.001), those who had previous studies (aPR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.02–1.79; p = 0.034), and those who had received awards in scientific events (aPR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.26–2.41; p = 0.001). In contrast, there was less interest among those who were at the clinical stage of their career (aPR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.49–0.89; p = 0.006), adjusted for seven variables. Conclusions: There exists interest in scientific research and we found some factors associated with this. This has to be taken into account in order for educational institutions to generate strategies.“Publicación Acceso abierto Factors associated with interest in scientific research in dental students of six Cuban universities(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-02-16) Corrales-Reyes, Ibraín Enrique; Villegas-Maestre, José Daniel; Valdés-Gamboa, Leonardo; García-Raga, Mónica; Véliz-Concepción, Olga Lidia; Torres-Fernández, Lilian Susana; Tusell-Hormigó, Diana; Vitón-Castillo, Adrián Alejandro; Torrecilla-Venegas, Rolando; Mejia, Christian R.“Introduction: To determine the factors associated with interest in scientific research in dental students of six Cuban universities. Methods: This is a multicenter cross-sectional analytical study. Interest in scientific research was the dependent variable, and it was assessed through a questionnaire proved to be reliable (Cronbach’s α= 0.88). We obtained adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and p values through generalized linear models. Results: A total of 587 students were part of the research, and 57.9% manifested interest in scientific research. However, when they were asked if they wanted to pursue a research career in the future, only 45.1% responded affirmatively. We found, through multivariate analysis, that there was more interest in scientific research among those who were student assistants (aPR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.41–4.16; p = 0.001), those who had previous studies (aPR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.02–1.79; p = 0.034), and those who had received awards in scientific events (aPR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.26–2.41; p = 0.001). In contrast, there was less interest among those who were at the clinical stage of their career (aPR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.49–0.89; p = 0.006), adjusted for seven variables. Conclusions: There exists interest in scientific research and we found some factors associated with this. This has to be taken into account in order for educational institutions to generate strategies.“Publicación Acceso abierto “Factors Associated with Perceived Change in Weight, Physical Activity, and Food Consumption during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Latin America“(MDPI, 2023-01-28) Mejia, Christian R.; Farfán, Bertha; Figueroa-Tarrillo, Jorge A.; Palomino, Kely; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, being female, having diabetes, obesity, and stress. When living in Paraguay and Mexico, being female, obesity, anxiety, and stress were associated with a higher perception of unhealthy food consumption. When living in Bolivia, women, obesity, and stress were associated with a higher perception of consuming larger food portions. In conclusion, the perceived changes in weight and lifestyle during the pandemic were more evident in women, people with comorbidities, and those with emotional distress. Differences in the perception of weight changes were minimal among Latin American countries. This information suggests the possible metabolic implications in at-risk individuals that should be further addressed by researchers for timely intervention. “Publicación Acceso abierto “Factors Associated with Perceived Change in Weight, Physical Activity, and Food Consumption during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Latin America“(MDPI, 2023-01-28) Mejia, Christian R.; Farfán, Bertha; Figueroa-Tarrillo, Jorge A.; Palomino, Kely; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, being female, having diabetes, obesity, and stress. When living in Paraguay and Mexico, being female, obesity, anxiety, and stress were associated with a higher perception of unhealthy food consumption. When living in Bolivia, women, obesity, and stress were associated with a higher perception of consuming larger food portions. In conclusion, the perceived changes in weight and lifestyle during the pandemic were more evident in women, people with comorbidities, and those with emotional distress. Differences in the perception of weight changes were minimal among Latin American countries. This information suggests the possible metabolic implications in at-risk individuals that should be further addressed by researchers for timely intervention. “Publicación Acceso abierto Factors associated with producing a scientific publication during medical training: evidence from a cross-sectional study of 40 medical schools in Latin America [version 2; peer review: 2 approved](F1000 Research Ltd, 2022-05-23) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Mejia, Christian R.; Rojas-Alvarado, Annel B.; Araujo-Chumacero, Mary M.; Córdova-Agurto, Jhacksson S.; Fiestas, Jessica; Rojas-Vilar, Feeder J.; Culquichicón, Carlos“Background: Scientific publication during medical training is key to promoting enduring cutting-edge knowledge. The promotion of science among medical students in Latin America is a multisectoral issue that is hampered by the lack of governmental knowledge to invest in national research, as well as by the lack of support from local universities. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the production of a scientific publication during medical training among Latin American medical students of local scientific societies. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 that assessed the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) among medical students from 40 local scientific societies of medical students affiliated with FELSOCEM. Teams from each local scientific society surveyed self-reported scientific publications and explored their association with socioeconomic, academic, and research training conditions. We applied nested models to identify the covariates associated with selfreported scientific publication, obtaining a parsimonious mixedeffects multilevel model grouped by medical scientific society. Results: Of 11,587 participants, the prevalence of scientific publications increased in 36% among medical students affiliated to a Scientific Society of Medical Students [parsimonious prevalence ratio (pPR)=1.36, 95%CI=1.16–1.59], 51% among medical students with advanced English proficiency [pPR=1.51, 95%CI=1.21 – 1.87], 85% among medical students who attended a scientific writing skills course [pPR=1.85, 95%CI=1.59–2.15], 81% among medical students who use Sci-Hub [pPR=1.81, 95%CI=1.50–2.20], and 108% among medical students who have access to a pirated academic account [pPR=2.08, 95%CI=1.83–2.36]. Conclusions: Producing a scientific publication among medical students is associated with being affiliated to a scientific society of medical students, English proficiency, training in scientific writing, use of Sci-Hub, and pirated academic accounts. The results will help clinical educators and medical programs improve resources for training students in high-quality research“Publicación Acceso abierto Factors associated with the perception of inadequate sanitary control in 12 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-07-25) Mejia, Christian R.; Liendo-Venegas, Daniela; García-Gamboa, Fernanda; Mejía-Rodríguez, Miguel A.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.“Introduction: Sanitary control mechanisms differ greatly from country to country. Therefore, it is important to know citizens' perception of different realities. We aimed to determine the factors associated with the perception of inadequate sanitary control in 12 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. We asked about six perceptions in regard to different situations experienced by inhabitants of 12 Latin American countries during the pandemic. Frequencies according to country were described and associations vs. other important variables were obtained. Results: Out of 8,489 participants, 68% stated that there were moments of collective hysteria. Honduras was the country that most perceived inadequate control mechanisms established by the government. Multivariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences among many of the countries according to the six evaluated items. The higher the level of education, the greater the perception of poor control in five of the aspects. Additionally, men had a lower perception of inadequate control. The older the age, the lower the perception of inadequate control regarding whether there was collective hysteria and shortages of basic essentials. Those with COVID-19 had a lower perception of medicine shortages. Conclusion: The population of multiple realities in Latin America have perceived a bad management of the pandemic. Citizens' perception is an important indicator of the performance of each government during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study may provide valuable information on the relationship between the effectiveness of government sanitary control and people's mental health, which ultimately helps to create objective prevention programs against post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, fear of contagion, and collective hysteria. In addition, governments could use this information to design effective mitigation plans for future unavoidable pandemic events based on the six criteria discussed here.“Publicación Acceso abierto Frecuencia y tendencia temporal de búsqueda de fármacos para combatir la COVID-19 en Sudamérica(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2022-10-04) Anaya-Albinagorta, Angela V.; Balcazar-Aniceto, Karla Ximena; Bravo-Verastegui, Estrella; Chuquiruna-Mantilla, Vanessa; Murga-Mogollon, Claudia; Vinelli-Arzubiaga, Daniella; Mejia, Christian R.“Introducción: Durante la pandemia por la COVID-19 se han utilizado diversos fármacos, pero se desconoce la tendencia de búsqueda que se tuvo durante el periodo del 2020 al 2021. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y tendencia temporal de búsqueda de fármacos para combatir la COVID-19 en 5 países sudamericanos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de análisis secundario de datos, se obtuvo la información a través de la plataforma de Google Trends, con la búsqueda de 4 fármacos y 1 sustancia, durante todo el período de la pandemia. Se obtuvieron resultados descriptivos. Resultados: El término ““paracetamol““, abarcó una mayor tendencia de búsqueda en abril-mayo en Perú, manteniendo porcentajes altos hasta la fecha en los 5 países. Para el término ““hidroxicloroquina““, la búsqueda llegó al 100 % el 15 de marzo de 2020 en Brasil. En la búsqueda de ““ivermectina““, Perú obtuvo el 100 % de búsquedas con la aparición de los primeros reportes de casos, Brasil obtuvo un 65 % recién en la quinta semana. En el caso de la ““azitromicina““, tuvo una tendencia de búsqueda alta en Perú, con un pico del 100 % en abril-mayo de 2020. En el ““dióxido de cloro““, el país con mayor índice de búsqueda fue Argentina, en agosto de 2020 llegó al 100 %. Conclusiones: Algunos de los fármacos tuvieron una tendencia de búsqueda similar durante los inicios de la pandemia, como es el caso del paracetamol, sin embargo, otros obedecieron a diversas tendencias y disminuyeron en los últimos meses.“Publicación Acceso abierto Job Insecurity According to the Mental Health of Workers in 25 Peruvian Cities during the COVID-19 Pandemic(MDPI, 2022-11-09) Palomino-Ruiz, Nataly; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Guzman-Loayza, Jeanet; Mamani-Benito, Oscar; Vilela-Estrada, Martín A.; Serna-Alarcón, Víctor; Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Shyla; Yáñez, Jaime A.; Mejia, Christian R.The pandemic brought various problems among workers, one of them being job insecurity, since many lost their jobs and others had the possibility of being fired, which could influence their mental health. The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between job insecurity and mental health among workers in 25 Peruvian cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously validated surveys were used to inquire about job insecurity and three mental health disorders (depression, anxiety, and stress) as well as other variables. Of the 1855 workers, 14% had moderate or higher levels of stress, 30% had anxiety, and 16% had depression. Having had job insecurity was associated with moderate or higher levels of depression (RPa: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.51–1.94; p-value < 0.001), anxiety (RPa: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.25–1.64; p-value < 0.001), and stress (RPa: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.41–2.22; p-value < 0.001). Depression was also associated with having been fired during the pandemic and associated with eight professions. Anxiety was associated with being a man and having been fired, while stress was associated with three professions. There is a clear association between having job insecurity and suffering from the three mental pathologies evaluated, which highlights the importance of assessing the mental impact.Publicación Acceso abierto Job Insecurity According to the Mental Health of Workers in 25 Peruvian Cities during the COVID-19 Pandemic(MDPI, 2022-11-09) Palomino-Ruiz, Nataly; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Guzman-Loayza, Jeanet; Mamani-Benito, Oscar; Vilela-Estrada, Martín A.; Serna-Alarcón, Víctor; Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Shyla; Yáñez, Jaime A.; Mejia, Christian R.The pandemic brought various problems among workers, one of them being job insecurity, since many lost their jobs and others had the possibility of being fired, which could influence their mental health. The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between job insecurity and mental health among workers in 25 Peruvian cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously validated surveys were used to inquire about job insecurity and three mental health disorders (depression, anxiety, and stress) as well as other variables. Of the 1855 workers, 14% had moderate or higher levels of stress, 30% had anxiety, and 16% had depression. Having had job insecurity was associated with moderate or higher levels of depression (RPa: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.51–1.94; p-value < 0.001), anxiety (RPa: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.25–1.64; p-value < 0.001), and stress (RPa: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.41–2.22; p-value < 0.001). Depression was also associated with having been fired during the pandemic and associated with eight professions. Anxiety was associated with being a man and having been fired, while stress was associated with three professions. There is a clear association between having job insecurity and suffering from the three mental pathologies evaluated, which highlights the importance of assessing the mental impact.Publicación Acceso abierto Latin American perceptions of fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media with regard to COVID-19: frequency and association with severe mental pathologies(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-05-17) Mejia, Christian R.; Aveiro-Róbalo, Telmo Raul; Garlisi Torales, Luciana Daniela; Castro Hidalgo, Verónica Alejandra Alejandra; Valeriano, Jhino; Ibarra-Montenegro, David Alfonso; Conde-Escobar, Aram; Sánchez-Soto, Fernanda; Canaviri-Murillo, Yuliana; Oliva-Ponce, María; Serna-Alarcón, Victor; Vilela-Estrada, Martín A.; Arias-Chávez, Dennis“Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the spread of abundant misinformation by the media, which caused fear and concern. Objective: To determine the association between the pathologies of the mental sphere and the perceptions of fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media with respect to COVID-19 in Latin America. Methodology: The present study has an analytical cross-sectional design that is based on a validated survey to measure fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media and other sources (Cronbach's α: 0.90). We surveyed more than 6,000 people, originally from 12 Latin American countries, who associated this perceived exaggeration with stress, depression, and anxiety (measured through DASS-21, Cronbach's α: 0.96). Results: Social networks (40%) or television (34%) were perceived as the sources that exaggerate the magnitude of the events. In addition, television (35%) and social networks (28%) were perceived as the sources that generate much fear. On the contrary, physicians and health personnel are the sources that exaggerated less (10%) or provoked less fear (14%). Through a multivariate model, we found a higher level of global perception that was associated with whether the participant was older (p = 0.002), had severe or more serious anxiety (p = 0.033), or had stress (p = 0,037). However, in comparison with Peru (the most affected country), there was a lower level of perception in Chile (p < 0.001), Paraguay (p = 0.001), Mexico (p < 0.001), Ecuador (p = 0.001), and Costa Rica (p = 0.042). All of them were adjusted for gender and for those having severe or major depression. Conclusion: There exists an association between some mental pathologies and the perception that the media does not provide moderate information.“Publicación Acceso abierto Latin American perceptions of fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media with regard to COVID-19: frequency and association with severe mental pathologies(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2023-05-17) Mejia, Christian R.; Aveiro-Róbalo, Telmo Raul; Garlisi Torales, Luciana Daniela; Castro Hidalgo, Verónica Alejandra; Valeriano, Jhino; Ibarra-Montenegro, David Alfonso; Conde-Escobar, Aram; Sánchez-Soto, Fernanda; Canaviri-Murillo, Yuliana; Oliva-Ponce, María; Serna-Alarcón, Victor; Vilela-Estrada, Martín A.; Arias-Chávez, DennisIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the spread of abundant misinformation by the media, which caused fear and concern. Objective: To determine the association between the pathologies of the mental sphere and the perceptions of fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media with respect to COVID-19 in Latin America. Methodology: The present study has an analytical cross-sectional design that is based on a validated survey to measure fear and exaggeration transmitted by the media and other sources (Cronbach’s α: 0.90). We surveyed more than 6,000 people, originally from 12 Latin American countries, who associated this perceived exaggeration with stress, depression, and anxiety (measured through DASS-21, Cronbach’s α: 0.96). Results: Social networks (40%) or television (34%) were perceived as the sources that exaggerate the magnitude of the events. In addition, television (35%) and social networks (28%) were perceived as the sources that generate much fear. On the contrary, physicians and health personnel are the sources that exaggerated less (10%) or provoked less fear (14%). Through a multivariate model, we found a higher level of global perception that was associated with whether the participant was older (p = 0.002), had severe or more serious anxiety (p = 0.033), or had stress (p = 0,037). However, in comparison with Peru (the most aected country), there was a lower level of perception in Chile (p < 0.001), Paraguay (p = 0.001), Mexico (p < 0.001), Ecuador (p = 0.001), and Costa Rica (p = 0.042). All of them were adjusted for gender and for those having severe or major depression. Frontiers in Psychology 01 frontiersin.or Mejia et al. 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1037450 Conclusion: There exists an association between some mental pathologies and the perception that the media does not provide moderate information.Publicación Acceso abierto Maltrato en la gestante adolescente y su efecto en el peso del recién nacido en la altura geográfica peruana, Huancayo, Perú(Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecologia, 2022-07-06) Mucha, Liliana; Hernan, Luis A.; Mejia, Christian R.“Introducción: La violencia en la gestante está asociada a muchos factores del recién nacido, pero esto casi no se ha reportado en la altura geográfica. Objetivo: Determinar si existe asociación entre el maltrato en la gestante adolescente y su efecto en el peso del recién nacido en la altura geográfica peruana. Método: Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se tomó la información de 855 gestantes. La variable exposición fue que hubieran sufrido violencia, lo cual se asoció al peso y otros datos del recién nacido en la ciudad de Huancayo, Perú. Resultados: Según el análisis multivariado, hubo más riesgo de que el niño tuviera un peso inadecuado cuando hubo violencia física (riesgo relativo ajustado [RRa]: 1,42; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: 1,01-2,00; p = 0,045), cuando se tuvo un parto pretérmino según Capurro (RRa: 4,90; IC95%: 2,85-8,45; p < 0,001), cuando hubo complicaciones en el parto (RRa: 2,11; IC95%: 1,25-3,61; p = 0,006) y si el abuso inició en el primer trimestre (RRa: 14,74; IC95%: 4,70-46,27; p < 0,001), el segundo (RRa: 18,72; IC95%: 5,78-60,63; p < 0,001) o el tercero (RRa: 18,87; IC95%: 4,71-75,60; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Existe asociación entre sufrir violencia física durante la gestación y el bajo peso al nacer, y también se encontró asociación con otras variables.“Publicación Acceso abierto “Motivación de logro general y rendimiento académico en estudiantes cubanos de Estomatología“(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2021-03-08) Corrales Reyes, Ibraín Enrique; Mamani Benito, Oscar; Apaza Tarqui, Edison Effer; Mejia, Christian R.“Introducción: La periodontitis apical asintomática es de los diagnósticos endodónticos más comunes que se presentan en la población mundial. Consiste en la afectación del tejido periapical como resultado de la activación de mecanismos de inflamación, los que incluyen lisis y reabsorción de tejidos de soporte como cemento, ligamento y hueso alveolar. El signo patognomónico de la periodontitis apical es la presencia de radiolucidez periapical, resultado de la destrucción de los tejidos periapicales. Su principal tratamiento abarca el manejo endodóntico convencional cuyo objetivo es la eliminación de los irritantes locales dentro del conducto radicular. Sin embargo, cuando se desarrollan lesiones de gran tamaño es necesario complementar con terapias que aceleren la reparación, una de ellas la descompresión, la cual a partir de la reducción de la presión intralesión e intraósea con lo que favorece la formación de tejido fibroso, conectivo y óseo. Objetivo: Describir la técnica de descompresión intraconducto en el manejo de lesiones periapicales de gran tamaño. Presentación del caso: Paciente de 33 años de edad, con diagnóstico de periodontitis apical asintomática y evaluación tomográfica de lesión periapical de gran tamaño (67,5 UH) manejado con terapia endodóntica convencional y descomprensión intraconducto como terapia coadyuvante. Posterior a la restauración se realizaron controles clínicos y radiográficos. A los 24 meses se evidenció reparación de los tejidos involucrados con restauración del espacio del ligamento periodontal. Conclusiones: En este caso, la terapia descomprensiva fue una alternativa en el manejo de una lesión periapical de gran tamaño, que permitió regular la presión intraósea y facilitar la regeneración del tejido óseo, evitando la intervención quirúrgica siendo así más confortante para el paciente. “Publicación Acceso abierto Perceived Fatality Prior to COVID-19 Infection in 13 Latin American Countries (FAT-LAT-COVID-19): Revalidation of a Shortened Scale(Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2022-02-12) Mejia, Christian R.; Aveiro-Róbalo, Telmo Raúl; Garlisi-Torales, Luciana D.; Carranza Esteban, Renzo Felipe; Mamani-Benito, Oscar; Vilela-Estrada, Martín A.; Serna-Alarcón, Víctor; Jaramillo-Aguilar, Damary S.; Rojas-Roa, Javiera L.Introduction: COVID-19 has generated great repercussions for the population globally; millions of deaths have been reported worldwide. The idea of death is especially exacerbated when there are close to death experiences that remind us how close we are to fatality. This is why it is important to measure fatalistic ideas of those who have not yet been infected. Objective: To revalidate a scale that measures fatalistic perception prior to COVID-19 infection in a population of 13 Latin American countries. Methodology: We conducted an instrumental study. We used a previously validated scale in Peru, with seven items divided into two factors and with five possible Likert-type responses (from strongly disagree to strongly agree). It was administered to a large population in 13 Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America; for each of the seven questions, 886 people were surveyed. With these results, descriptive and analytical statistics were performed. Results: The mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the seven initial questions were adequate in most cases. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the lack of fit was improved with the indexes' modification technique, which let us delete items 1 and 6. Thus, we could obtain satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices (CFI = 0.972, TLI = 0.931, GFI = 0.990, AGFI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.080, and RMR = 0.047). Therefore, the final two-factor structure had a fairly adequate Cronbach's α (0.72, with a 95% confidence interval = 0.70–0.73). Conclusions: The scale that measures fatalism of Latin American countries in the face of the pandemic generated by COVID-19 was revalidated and shortened.